<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">aprp</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Актуальные проблемы российского права</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Actual Problems of Russian Law</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1994-1471</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2782-1862</issn><publisher><publisher-name>MSAL</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17803/1994-1471.2020.117.8.203-208</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">aprp-2169</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ИНТЕГРАЦИОННОЕ ПРАВО</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>INTEGRATION LAW</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Альтернативные механизмы финансирования научных исследований в Европейском Союзе</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Alternative Mechanisms for Funding Research in the European Union</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Пожилова</surname><given-names>Н. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Pozhilova</surname><given-names>N. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Пожилова Наталья Андреевна, аспирант кафедры интеграционного и европейского права</p><p>Садовая-Кудринская ул., д. 9, г. Москва, Россия, 125993</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Natalya A. Pozhilova, Postgraduate Student of the Department of Integration and European Law</p><p>ul. Sadovaya-Kudrinskaya, d. 9, Moscow, Russia, 125993</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">natalia229@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Московский государственного юридического университета имени О.Е. Кутафина (МГЮА)</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Kutafin Moscow State Law University (MSAL)</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2020</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>21</day><month>06</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><volume>15</volume><issue>8</issue><fpage>203</fpage><lpage>208</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Пожилова Н.А., 2020</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2020</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Пожилова Н.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Pozhilova N.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://aprp.msal.ru/jour/article/view/2169">https://aprp.msal.ru/jour/article/view/2169</self-uri><abstract><p>На сегодняшний день, несмотря на известные масштабы грантового финансирования Европейского Союза в области поддержки научных исследований и инноваций, Комиссия ЕС стремится обеспечить использование альтернативных источников финансирования, например венчурного финансирования пред- приятиями по коллективному инвестированию, в том числе посредством создания общеевропейского фонда фондов, а также используя такие механизмы, как краудфандинг. В статье дается анализ трех возможных перспективных направлений альтернативного финансирования с помощью текущих механизмов финансового рынка, которые на равной основе используются как на территории ЕС, так и в других странах, включая анализ получения финансирования проектов, получивших гранты в рамках Рамочной программы ЕС «Гори- зонт 2020». Первым способом является финансирование научных проектов благодаря новым механизмам венчурного финансирования европейского фонда VentureEU, вторым — обеспечение привлечения денежных средств посредством краудфандинга (коллективного финансирования), третий способ обеспечивается за счет выхода предприятий на IPO. Использование альтернативных способов финансирования позволяет, с одной стороны, обеспечить коммерциализацию научно-исследовательских проектов, позволяющих научным коллективам получить дополнительное вознаграждение и направить его на дальнейшую работу в области исследований, а с другой — привлечь внимание общественности к актуальным проблемам науки и техники.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Today, despite the known scale of European Union grant funding in support of research and innovation, the EU Commission seeks to ensure the use of alternative sources of funding, for example, venture capital financing by collective investment enterprises, including through the creation of a pan-European fund of funds, as well as using such mechanisms like crowdfunding. The paper provides an analysis of three possible promising areas of alternative financing using the current mechanisms of the financial market, which are used on an equal basis both in the EU and in other countries, including an analysis of obtaining funding for projects that received grants under the EU Horizon 2020 Framework Program. The first way is to finance scientific projects thanks to new venture funding mechanisms of the European fund VentureEU, the second is to ensure the attraction of funds through crowdfunding (collective financing), the third way is provided by enterprises entering an IPO. The use of alternative methods of financing makes it possible, on the one hand, to ensure the commercialization of research projects that allow research teams to receive additional remuneration and direct it to further work in the field of research, and on the other hand, to draw public attention to pressing problems of science and technology.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>грантовое финансирование науки</kwd><kwd>«Горизонт 2020»</kwd><kwd>союз рынков капиталов</kwd><kwd>свобода передвижения капиталов</kwd><kwd>право Европейского Союза</kwd><kwd>VentureEU</kwd><kwd>краудфандинг</kwd><kwd>FinTech</kwd><kwd>EuVECA</kwd><kwd>EuSEF</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>grant financing of science</kwd><kwd>Horizon 2020</kwd><kwd>capital markets union</kwd><kwd>freedom of movement of capital</kwd><kwd>European Union law</kwd><kwd>VentureEU</kwd><kwd>crowdfunding</kwd><kwd>FinTech</kwd><kwd>EuVECA</kwd><kwd>EuSEF</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Исследование выполнено при финансовой поддержке РФФИ в рамках научного проекта № 18-2915028</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The reported study was funded by RFBR according to the research project № 18-2915028</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Пожилова Н. А. Некоторые вопросы правового регулирования краудфандинга в ЕС // Евразийский юридический журнал. — 2019. — № 12 (139). — С. 77—81.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Pozhilova N. A. Nekotorye voprosy pravovogo regulirovaniya kraudfandinga v ES // Evrazijskij yuridicheskij zhurnal. — 2019. — № 12 (139). — S. 77—81.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Слепак В. Ю., Ариянц А. А. Формирование Европейского исследовательского пространства в контексте эволюции правового регулирования проведения европейских исследований // Актуальные проблемы российского права. — 2019. — № 9 (106).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Slepak V. Yu., Ariyanc A. A. Formirovanie Evropejskogo issledovatelskogo prostranstva v kontekste evolyucii pravovogo regulirovaniya provedeniya evropejskih issledovanij // Aktualnye problemy rossijskogo prava. — 2019. — № 9 (106).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Bradford C. S. Crowdfunding and the Federal Securities Laws // Columbia Business Law Abstract. — 2012. — Vol. 2012. — No. 1.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bradford C. S. Crowdfunding and the Federal Securities Laws // Columbia Business Law Abstract. — 2012. — Vol. 2012. — No. 1.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Guilhon B., Montchaud S. Venture Capital and the Financing of Innovation. — John Wiley &amp; Sons, 2020 г.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Guilhon B., Montchaud S. Venture Capital and the Financing of Innovation. — John Wiley &amp; Sons, 2020 г.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Duruflé G., Hellmann T. F., and Wilson K. E. From Start-Up to Scale-Up: Examining Public Policies for the Financing of High-Growth Ventures (September 1, 2016). Saïd Business School WP 2017—05.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Duruflé G., Hellmann T. F., and Wilson K. E. From Start-Up to Scale-Up: Examining Public Policies for the Financing of High-Growth Ventures (September 1, 2016). Saïd Business School WP 2017—05.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Mollick E. The dynamics of crowdfunding: An exploratory study // Journal of Business Venturing. 2014;29(1):1—16.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Mollick E. The dynamics of crowdfunding: An exploratory study // Journal of Business Venturing. 2014;29(1):1—16.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Fleming L., Sorenson O. Financing by and for the Masses // California Management Abstract. 2016;58(2):5—19.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Fleming L., Sorenson O. Financing by and for the Masses // California Management Abstract. 2016;58(2):5—19.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Sauermann H., Franzoni C., Shafi K. (2019) Crowdfunding scientific research: Descriptive insights and correlates of funding success. PLoS ONE 14(1): e0208384.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Sauermann H., Franzoni C., Shafi K. (2019) Crowdfunding scientific research: Descriptive insights and correlates of funding success. PLoS ONE 14(1): e0208384.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Prpić J., &amp; Shukla P. (2016). Crowd Science: Measurements, Models, and Methods. Proceedings of the Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences #49. January 2016, Kauai, Hawaii, USA. IEEE Computer Society Press.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Prpić J., &amp; Shukla P. (2016). Crowd Science: Measurements, Models, and Methods. Proceedings of the Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences #49. January 2016, Kauai, Hawaii, USA. IEEE Computer Society Press.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Vervaeck J. Analysis of the Belgian scale-up gap — The financing of scaling companies. A dissertation submitted to Ghent University in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Business Administration: Finance and Risk.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Vervaeck J. Analysis of the Belgian scale-up gap — The financing of scaling companies. A dissertation submitted to Ghent University in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Business Administration: Finance and Risk.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
