The paper is devoted to the issues of definition of concepts of national projects, and financing. The author provides their definition based on the analysis of domestic and foreign literature. National projects are understood to be relatively new tools for the target-program management. the author describes the modern system of financing of national projects and some modern trends in its development. Also, the paper demonstrates the balance between the concepts “financing”, “lending”, “investing”. The conclusion is made about the need for integrated use of these economic and legal institutions in the financing of national projects. The author substantiates a socially useful effect of national projects, which should be higher than the costs of their implementation. Differential approaches to the financing of individual national projects depending on the sources of funds are shown. Also, the author describes the structure of funding sources; the fundamental basis of relevant activity; the degree of reliability and stability of the main sources. The paper describes some mechanisms to ensure the flexibility and mobility of national projects’ financing.