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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">aprp</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Актуальные проблемы российского права</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Actual Problems of Russian Law</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1994-1471</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2782-1862</issn><publisher><publisher-name>MSAL</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17803/1994-1471.2021.126.5.166-182</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">aprp-2719</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>МЕЖДУНАРОДНОЕ ПРАВО</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>INTERNATIONAL LAW</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Реформа космического права</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Space Law Reform</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5103-5324</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Толстых</surname><given-names>В. Л.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Tolstykh</surname><given-names>V. L.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Владислав Леонидович Толстых, научный руководитель Высшей школы права </p><p>Садовая-Кудринская ул., д. 9, г. Москва,  125993</p><p>РИНЦ Author ID: <ext-link xlink:href="https://www.elibrary.ru/author_profile.asp?authorid=620713" ext-link-type="uri">620713</ext-link>(spin-код: 6657-7503)Researcher ID (WoS): <ext-link xlink:href="http://www.researcherid.com/rid/O-2968-2014" ext-link-type="uri">O-2968-2014</ext-link></p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p> Dr. Sci. (Law), Professor, Department of Private International Law, Supervisor of Studies, High School of Law, Leading Researcher</p><p>ul. Sadovaya-Kudrinskaya, d. 9, Moscow, 125993</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">vlt73@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Московский государственный юридический университет им. О.Е. Кутафина; Институт философии и права СО РАН</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>International Law Moscow State Law University (MSAL);  Institute of Philosophy and Law, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2021</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>01</day><month>03</month><year>2021</year></pub-date><volume>16</volume><issue>5</issue><fpage>166</fpage><lpage>182</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Толстых В.Л., 2021</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2021</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Толстых В.Л.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Tolstykh V.L.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://aprp.msal.ru/jour/article/view/2719">https://aprp.msal.ru/jour/article/view/2719</self-uri><abstract><p>В последние несколько лет ситуация, связанная с исследованием и использованием космоса, серьезным образом изменилась: было доказано, что добыча космических ресурсов может приносить прибыль; наблюдается прогресс в развитии космической техники; космос стал объектом интереса со стороны частных инвесторов; наметился серьезный разрыв между состоянием космической отрасли в США и в других странах. Результатом этих изменений стала инициированная США реформа, направленная на легализацию присвоения извлеченных космических ресурсов, а также – в долгосрочной перспективе – на легализацию присвоения участков небесных тел и ресурсов in situ, как частными лицами, так и государствами. Ее инструментами выступают предложения по реинтерпретации ключевых договоров; новое законодательство США и Люксембурга и Соглашения Артемиды, подписанные 13 октября 2020 г. восемью государствами. Первая часть реформы уже практически завершена: уже сейчас можно говорить о возникновении международного обычая, легализующего присвоение извлеченных ресурсов. Некоторые государства и часть доктрины, однако, выступают за сохранение режима общего достояния и его укрепление посредством создания международного органа, уполномоченного выдавать разрешения на добычу ресурсов и/или аренду участков небесных тел. Реформа космического права является важной не только сама по себе, но и как лакмус развития общего международного права: она свидетельствует о том, что международное право продолжает развиваться; при этом данный процесс осуществляется усилиями узкого альянса государств и осуществляется за пределами традиционного конвенционного механизма. Дипломатический потенциал России очень высок: она могла бы не только поддержать определенный вариант развития космического права, но и сформулировать его основные параметры.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>In the past few years, the situation related to the exploration and use of space has changed dramatically. It has been proven that the extraction of space resources can be profitable; there is progress in the development of space technology; space has become an object of interest from private investors; there is a gap between the state of the space industry in the United States and in other countries. These changes resulted in a US-initiated reform aimed at legalizing the appropriation of extracted space resources, as well as, in the long term, at legalizing the appropriation of sites of celestial bodies and resources in situ by both individuals and states. Its instruments are proposals for the reinterpretation of key agreements, new US and Luxembourg law and the Artemis Accords signed on October 13, 2020 by eight states. The first part of the reform is almost complete: even now, we can talk about the emergence of an international custom that legalizes the appropriation of extracted resources. Some states and part of the doctrine, however, advocate the preservation of the regime of the common property and its strengthening through the creation of an international body authorized to issue permits for the extraction of resources and / or the lease of sites of celestial bodies. The reform of space law is important not only in itself, but also as a litmus of the development of general international law: it indicates that international law continues to develop; this process is carried out through the efforts of a narrow alliance of states outside the traditional convention mechanism. The diplomatic potential of Russia is very high: it could not only support a certain option for the development of space law, but also formulate its main parameters.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>международное право</kwd><kwd>космическое право</kwd><kwd>общее достояние</kwd><kwd>национальное и частное присвоение</kwd><kwd>право собственности</kwd><kwd>Соглашения Артемиды</kwd><kwd>международный обычай</kwd><kwd>международный договор</kwd><kwd>национальное законодательство</kwd><kwd>многосторонняя дипломатия</kwd><kwd>космические ресурсы</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>international law</kwd><kwd>space law</kwd><kwd>common property</kwd><kwd>national and private appropriation</kwd><kwd>ownership</kwd><kwd>Artemis Accords</kwd><kwd>international custom</kwd><kwd>international treaty</kwd><kwd>national legislation</kwd><kwd>multilateral diplomacy</kwd><kwd>space resources</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Абашидзе А.Х., Солнцев А.М. 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