The article is devoted to the study of the subject of constitutional law from the position of inclusion of the institution of constitutional and legal responsibility in the structure of relations regulated by constitutional law. The author, analyzing the various approaches to the classification of legal relations covered by constitutional regulation established in the doctrine of constitutional (state) law, suggests two reasons for the classification of such legal relations. From the point of view of the nature of power relations regulated by constitutional law, one can speak of three groups of legal relations - political, economic, moral and cultural relations that form the basis of the legal regulation of the sphere. Taking the type of constitutional relations subjects as a basis for division, we should talk about relations connected with the organization of public authority (status of the head of state, government, parliament, etc.), relations between society and the state (status of political parties public organizations, principles of economic and social relations, etc.), between the individual and the state (general provisions on the legal status of individuals, rights and freedoms, the status of foreigners and stateless persons, etc.). The paper concludes that the norms of the institute of constitutional and legal responsibility permeate several key groups of legal relations regulated by constitutional law at once, and this institute is a complex institute of the branch of constitutional law. The article also provides a brief review of the main trends and problems of the development of the institute of constitutional legal responsibility in Russian constitutional law at the present stage of development.