DIGITALIZATION: CRIMINAL LAW RISKS IN THE ECONOMY

Abstract

Any industrial revolution not only opens up new opportunities for society and the state, but also endows criminals with previously non-existing methods and tools for committing crimes. Automation and production robotization, artificial intelligence, 3D printing, the creation of new materials and technologies (biotechnologies and information technologies), etc characterize the fourth industrial revolution. One of the objects of the criminal law protection under threat of harm due to digitalization is the economy (public relations arising from ensuring the normal functioning of the economy as a single national economic complex).
At present, it is possible to distinguish such cyber threats for the economy as attacks on banks, on a broker, on a settlement system, embezzlement through Internet banking and some other actions carried out through the use of malicious programs. Their main purpose is misappropriation of other people’s property. The most common methods of embezzlement are the manual transfer of funds from the computer of the account owner through the remote access, automatic software upload, social engineering method, the use of an ransomware program, illegal use of the brand, etc.
In the conditions of digitalization, the science of criminal law faces the task of developing a model for systematic updating of domestic criminal legislation, developing general rules and clear criteria for its implementation, rather than a spontaneous response to the immediate needs of a law enforcer by designing special cybercrime compounds.