Modern Concepts in Russian Constitutional Law

The change of the scientific paradigm in Russian jurisprudence is accompanied by the affirmation of pluralism in a legal science. The paper has highlighted that the modern Russian constitutional theory seeks to express itself in the problems of ontological and axiological foundations, claiming to form an integral ”constitutional philosophy.”

Constitutional axiology represents one of the most significant concepts of constitutionalism. Constitutional axiology is built as a field of scientific reflection (the nature, content, system of constitutional values). From these standpoints, the author provides for the assessment of law-enforcement carried out by the body of constitutional justice. The paper recognizes the high importance of research of constitutional law from the axiological point of view.

The author has concluded that constitutional values as a reflection and expression of the “charter” of the life of the society (“protoconstitutional”) represent objectivated systemic totality functioning as the ultimate goal of constitutional development. Constitutional values represent concepts that must correspond to the social and spiritual environment of the society and the purpose of the State.

The paper critically assesses the concept of a “living constitution” in its Russian interpretation as the constitutional and appraisal activity of the Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation with regard to “generation” of constitutional values. It is noted that the result of the work of the Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation expressed in its legal determinations, can not represent other (“generated” by it) constitutional values except those contained in the Constitution of the Russian Federation. “Transformation” of the content and legal attitudes and meanings of the Constitution, constitutional values without changing the text of the Constitution may lead to “distortions” of the essence of the Constitution and intent for the Constitution to be an act with the highest legal force.

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