Characteristic Features of the Civil Code of the People’s Republic of China

One of the most important events in the history of modern Chinese law was the adoption of the first Civil Code by the National People’s Congress in 2020 and its entry into force in 2021. The work on the code has been going on for a considerable amount of time; its appearance was preceded by several unsuccessful attempts at codification. The paper argues that the Civil Code of the People’s Republic of China is based on the provisions of the continental, general, socialist and traditional Chinese law. Using the method of comparative legal analysis, the features of the structure and content of the Civil Code of the People’s Republic of China were revealed. In particular, a number of provisions related to the digitalization of the economy are highlighted, which can be recommended to be used by the domestic legislator to improve the legislation of Russia. It is argued that although structurally the Civil Code of the People’s Republic of China has original features, it is grounded on the German Civil Code. It is concluded that the section of the code devoted to the property law to the greatest extent reflects the state system existing in the People’s Republic of China. It has also been proven that a number of norms on legal entities and on organizations that do not have the status of a legal entity are formulated based on the traditions of Chinese society.

1. Belyh V. S. Dogovornoe pravo Anglii: sravnitel’no-pravovoe issledovanie : monografiya. — M. : Prospekt, 2017. — 208 s.

2. Van Hajczyun’. Zakon «Obshchaya chast’ grazhdanskogo prava KNR» i razvitie grazhdanskogo prava Kitaya // Vestnik Sankt-Peterburgskogo universiteta. Pravo. — 2018. — № 3. — S. 413–421. — URL: https://doi.org/10.21638/11701/spbu14.2018.310.

3. Van Chzhihua. Put’ kodifikacii grazhdanskogo zakonodatel’stva v Kitae // Lex russica (Russkij zakon). — 2020. — № 71 (3). — S. 135–139. — URL: https://doi.org/10.17803/1729-5920.2020.160.3.135-139.

4. Van Chzhihua. Revolyucii i kodifikaciya kitajskogo grazhdanskogo zakonodatel’stva // Vestnik SanktPeterburgskogo universiteta. Pravo. — 2018. — № 3. — S. 422–432. — URL: https://doi.org/10.21638/11701/spbu14.2018.311.

5. Dudin P. N., Cyretorov A. I. Stanovlenie grazhdanskogo prava Kitaya v 1912–1929 gg. (predkodifikacionnyj period) // Pravo. Zhurnal Vysshej shkoly ekonomiki. — 2019. — № 5. — S. 237–253. — DOI: 10.17323/2072-8166.2019.5.237.253.

6. Erbahaev E. A. Novye Osnovnye polozheniya grazhdanskogo prava Kitajskoj Narodnoj Respubliki // Vestnik Sankt-Peterburgskogo universiteta. Pravo. — 2019. — № 11 (2). — S. 390–403. — URL: https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu14.2019.213.

7. Lyu Kajsyan. Kommentarij k sisteme rastorzheniya dogovorov po Grazhdanskomu kodeksu i predlozheniya po ee sovershenstvovaniyu // Pravovoj zhurnal Cinhua. — 2020. — № 3 . — URL: http://www.fxcxw.org.cn/dyna/content.php?id=14658 (data obrashcheniya: 04.01.2021). — (Na kit. yaz.).

8. Syue Bo. O funkcional’noj korrektirovke sistemy sudebnogo tolkovaniya i vedeniya del v epohu posle prinyatiya Grazhdanskogo kodeksa // Hebejskij yuridicheskij zhurnal. — 2021. — № 2. — URL: https://www.163.com/dy/article/FUCVABH10530W1MT.html (data obrashcheniya: 10.01.2021). — (Na kit. yaz.).

9. Troshchinskij P. V. Pravovaya sistema Kitajskoj Narodnoj Respubliki: stanovlenie, razvitie i harakternye osobennosti // Vestnik Universiteta imeni O.Е. Кутафafina (MGYuA). — 2015. — № 5. — S. 99–117.

10. Troshchinskij P. V. Pravovaya sistema Kitaya : monografiya. — M. : Izd-vo IDV RAN, 2016. — 472 s.

11. Troshchinskij P. V. Yuridicheskaya politika i zakonodatel’stvo Kitajskoj Narodnoj Respubliki perioda reform i otkrytosti // Pravovedenie. — 2019. — T. 63. — № 2. — S. 285–308.

12. Fokov A. P. Kodifikaciya grazhdanskogo zakonodatel’stva v Kitajskoj narodnoj respublike (obshchie polozheniya): istoriya i sovremennost’ // Izvestiya Yugo-Zapadnogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. — 2018. — T. 22. — № 1 (77). — S. 128–135.

13. Huan Chzhun. O sud’be sudebnogo tokovaniya posle prinyatiya Grazhdanskogo kodeksa // Kitajskoe pravo. — 2020. — № 6. — URL: https://pkulaw.com/qikan/2865509115c0298de74d727b66f89e57bdfb.html (data obrashcheniya: 04.01.2021). — (Na kit. yaz.).