Minimum Amount of Child Support and a Child Support Foundation: History and Modernity

Issues concerning consolidation of the minimum amount of child support in the RF Family Code and the creation of a child support foundation in the Russian Federation are very relevant at the doctrinal and law enforcement levels, since ensuring the needs of the child is inevitably associated with certain expenses that are not always properly and sufficiently funded by parents. The author of the article comes to the conclusion that the minimum amount of child support and the child support foundation ought to act as complementary legal structures. On the one hand, the State is capable to guarantee children a maintenance payment not lower than the minimum amount of child support only if there is the child support foundation. On the other hand, the amount of child support accrued for the maintenance of children is determined on a case-by-case basis; «extra child support» can also be applied; the resources of the child support foundation are not unlimited. Therefore, from the child support foundation for the maintenance of a child whose parent failed to provide child support in a timely manner, only the minimum amount of child support (or part of it in case of partial payment of child support by the parent) should be paid rather than the entire monthly amount. Thus, the law-maker must simultaneously make additions to the RF Family Code to consolidate the minimum amount of child support (in the amount of the half of the subsistence minimum for children established in the constituent entity of the Russian Federation where the child lives) and to establish the child support foundation. It is implicit that the parent must be legally obliged to reimburse the funds paid by the child support foundation with the interest charged on the specified amount for the period when the parent fails to provide child support. The paper analyzes the Soviet experience of establishing the minimum amount of child support in 1918–1926 and 1986–1994, as well as the design of the Soviet child support foundation that existed from 1984 to 1991.

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