Understanding of Deprivation of Liberty in the Works of M.M. Isaev and B.S. Utevskiy

The article is devoted to the analysis of perception of deprivation of freedom in the writings of Soviet scientists, having been at the origins of the formation of such industries of the Soviet law as a criminal and correctional labour. Exploring the works of professors of the Department of Criminal Law of the All-Soviet Union Correspondence Law Institute M.M. Isaev and B.S. Utevskiy, the author has come to believe that the roots of the modern expanded understanding of the term "deprivation of freedom”, set in the legal positions of Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation, are to be found in the writings of these scientists. From the point of view of the author, it was M.M. Isaev who in 1920s was one of the first Soviet scientists mentioning a broad understanding of deprivation of liberty. Talking about common criteria for punishment, to a greater or lesser extent restricting the freedom of an offender, M. M. Isaev determined some common ground which is at the heart of this type of punishment - restriction of freedom of movement. External manifestations of deprivation of freedom do not affect its identity. At the same time one offender exclusively cannot fill insulation of the essence of imprisonment as a punishment under the new conditions of development of the law. Here, M. Isaev compelled to conclude the unsuitability of the revolutionary doctrine which in relation to the conscious class enemies assumed that deprivation of freedom should target not the correction but the protection of society through prolonged isolation, with more or less severe regime. In this case, M.M. Isaev designates the emerging conflict between the revolutionary ideology and enunciated the new principles of the Soviet criminal law, presuming that the punishment should not cause unnecessary and useless suffering. The idea of expansionary interpretations of deprivation of freedom as a measure related to any insulation found its development in the works of Utevskiy. The author believes that B.S. Utevsky predestined for a significant period of the development of science of Soviet penal and corrective labour law conceptual understanding of the content of the deprivation of freedom, which consists of two components: punishment and correctional education. Only at the turn of the 1960s this concept was criticized in the science of Soviet penal and corrective labour law.

deprivation of liberty, punishment, education, isolation, Soviet criminal law, corrective labour law, the essence of punishment, the content of punishment, imprisonment, principles of criminal law

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