Transformation of Labor being an Object of Social Relations and the Spread of Atypical Forms of Employment

At present, a large-scale digital transformation of social relations is taking place, which affects relations in the labor market. Modern labor relations are faced with a radical transformation of the types of work activities. Labor is increasingly moving into the service sector. Thus, according to the International Labor Organization, 49% of the total number of employees is in the service sector, 29 % in agriculture, 22 % in industry. The sector is characterized by the independence of the person performing the work (as opposed to collective work in social cooperation characteristic of production), as well as a focus on results, which brings labor relations closer to civil law and encourages scientists to reconsider the criteria for classifying certain relations within the scope of labor law norms. The introduction of digital technologies into social production, as well as changes in labor due to the transition of a significant part of the economy from the production sector to the service sector, has given rise to a sharp increase in the so-called precarious and atypical forms of employment. This trend can be seen both globally and in Russia. Thus, the traditional model of labor relations, the main features of which were shaped in accordance with the industrial type of economy, is becoming applicable to an ever-smaller number of workers. In this regard, it is necessary to revise the doctrinal approach to the definition of the labor relationship and its characteristics, the purpose of which should be to develop relevant criteria for classifying relations within the scope of labor law norms, taking into account the expansion of atypical forms of employment.

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