The Basis for the Right to a Land Parcel Granted for Construction Purposes: The Problem of Conscious Choice

The civil law reform provides for modification of the system of proprietary rights, including the establishment of a number of rights to things belonging to other people, the vivid example of which is the right to build. In the opinion of the the RF Civil Code drafters, the lease for construction purposes is not able to meet the current needs of participants of relations regulated under civil law. Therefore, it is proposed to replace this legal concept. A limited proprietary right - the right to build - is proposed as an alternative to the contractual agreement. The article analyzes the problems that prevent the construction market from development, namely: the inadequacy of the terms of lease agreements to construct a facility, considerable administrative discretion concerning contract prolongation, the ease of termination of tenant rights and their extremely low "collateralability." It is concluded that the existing legal model for establishing the rights to a land plot for construction purposes needs substantial revision. At the same time, the author draws attention to the need to take into accounts the national peculiarities and inadmissibility of blind copying of the foreign legal concept of superficies. The author sees possible solution to the problems existing within the framework of the existing model of relations in the field of construction in the assignment to the tenant such a right to a land plot that meets the requirements of longtermness, durability and "collateralability." Providing the tenant with a sound and comprehensible content, that, in comparison with the existing lease right, will be economically more efficient and stable, is possibe within the framework of the construction lease concept, and within the framework of the right of development. In the first case, it is suggested that the property law nature of the lease be strengthened, in the second case, it is suggested that such a limited proprietary right be created that will take into account peculiarities of the national legal system.

proprietary right, property rights, right to build, superficies, limited property rights, the right to things belonging to other people, civil law reform, property rights reform, construction rent, rent for construction

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