The Fall of Sovereignties: The Diverse Perspective. Part 2

The article gives an analysis of the problem that has always remained a topical one, namely, the problem of sovereignty. The author counters this concept with its another manifestation, i.e. independence of the state, and in the process of their counterpoising the author attempts to find out their common features and fundamental differences. The Sovereign, as the subject of sovereignty, can possess both identified and anonymous form, both individual and collective embodiment The article highlights the fictitious nature of sovereign subjectivity that is inherent to the Art Nouveau era when sovereignty substantially changes its content and essence. This process of transformation was marked by such thinkers as Fyodor Dostoevsky, Vladimir Soloviev, Friedrich Nietzsche, and others. A false or fictitious sovereign, even if it has power and authority, is deprived of true legitimacy that cannot be recovered for it by either public opinion or direct violence. Neither mimicry nor manipulation can remedy the situation. Two bodies of the King fall apart and would never unify. A fictitious sovereign presides over a fictitious state, "a phantom state". The substrate of such statehood is "masses", rather than the people, that are connected with each other by means of external authority, coercion and ideology. Independence of the state that is associated with freedom of existence is being absorbed by the force of power with which it turns out to be incompatible. An external law plays much more important part than the internal truth that has traditionally provided the basis for justice. The very justice is replaced by its own metaphor, which is the law. Depersonalized force of law expressed in a willful decision not only limits the scope of independence but replaces it. Sovereignty as the status radiates movement and dynamics. Fictions that were typical for the Art Nouveau era allow to make "unjust laws" that forget about both the truth and justice and aimed at feasibility and efficiency. The sphere of law lacks metaphysical and transcendental provisions that earlier connected it with other higher extralegal instances. Normativizm becomes the dominant ideology of the Art Nouveau era and modernity, giving the law and the sovereignty a brand new look and creating unintended consequences for the life of the rule of law state

Sovereignty, independence of the state, legitimacy, legality, subject, personality, state, legal form, rule of law, justice, truth, le, lawfulness, legality

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