The Method of Encouragement in the Legal Regulation of Bankruptcy Relations: The Experience of Criminal Justice

The paper is devoted to considering the issue of the method of legal regulation of bankruptcy relations in the Russian Federation and the nature of this method. The paper examines the problem of implementing the method of encouragement, primarily in the context of bankruptcy procedures applied to citizens. The method of encouragement is considered through the prism of implementation of bankruptcy legislation in specific norms, providing incentives for a particular behavior approved by society and the state, which is expressed in an encouraging sanction. In this regard, the paper highlights that the current legislation on insolvency (bankruptcy) not only contains almost no encouraging norms, but also, in general, it does not employ even dispositive (nonmandatory) methods of legal regulation. In fact, only creditors have true dispositivity (discretion) today, but not the arbitration administrator, and even more, not the debtor, for whom the legislator provides only duties and prohibitions. From the above, it is concluded that the existing legal regulation of bankruptcy relations is the quintessence of the imperative method. Paradoxically, the author proposes to look for an alternative to this imperative in the field of criminal justice. The author highlights that many criminal law and criminal procedure phenomena, such as confession and active repentance, can be transferred to the sphere of bankrupt legal relations and they can increase the effectiveness of their legal regulation. In particular, this will help to ensure the principle of voluntary cooperation between the debtor and the finance manager. In conclusion, the author proposes to introduce the method of encouragement in the field of insolvency by analogy with criminal justice.

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