The Procedure for Classifying Production and Consumption Waste and By‑Products: Problems of Differentiation

The paper is devoted to the problem of waste inclusion in circular economy, resolved within the framework of a closed-loop economy. In the context of the preparation of the draft law «On the construction of a closed-loop economy», ways to resolve the issue of using substances generated during production are being discussed. In light of the circular economy, such substances can be used efficiently. However, by-products are practically impossible to differentiate from production and consumption waste as to the legal regulations, and therefore the goals of maximum use of raw materials and supplies, as well as prevention and reduction of waste generation, are not achieved. The prerequisites that allow the formation of a procedure for classifying a substance as a by-product are found in the explanatory documents of the Ministry of Natural Resources of Russia. As a result, recommendations are being developed for the formation of legal regulation applicable to all types of by-products, with the support of such a possibility by judicial practice, developing in favor of economic entities.

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