Normative and Legal Mechanisms for Climate Processes Regulation in Russia

Legal policy in the area of climate change is one of the main ones in both international and national relations. The process was initiated within the 1992 UN Framework Convention on Climate Change. Russia supported the creation of international institutions and the development of international legal documents to combat climate change, and pursued an active international policy. However, after February 2022, the situation has changed. Sanctions imposed by Western countries have made it impossible to implement many joint climate projects, which has led to the need for Russia to review its climate policy and adjust its regulatory framework. The paper examines international legal mechanisms for regulating climate processes; the legal system of climate regulation in Russia; implementation of climate programs at the level of a constituent entity of the Russian Federation. The role of scientific organizations in the implementation of climate programs is considered. The paper presents the opinions of foreign lawyers on the problems of climatology and the conclusions of Russian scientists on the legal problems of climate conservation. At the end of October 2023 Russian President Vladimir Putin signed a decree approving the new Climate Doctrine. In accordance with this document, conditions are being created for the state to achieve carbon neutrality by 2060. Carbon capture technologies must be developed and favorable conditions must be created for the development of carbon-negative projects. Digital platforms for trading carbon units are emerging to reduce the carbon footprint of human activities. Climate change is one of the most serious challenges of the 21st century, which represents a complex problem.

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