Transformation of Crime under the Influence of Artificial Intelligence: Towards a Problem Statement

The development of artificial intelligence is accompanied by its implementation in all spheres of human activity. Unfortunately, criminal activity is no exception. Artificial intelligence remains a phenomenon that has not been fully understood in criminological science. There are individual studies dedicated to the potential of using artificial intelligence in crime prevention, but there is insufficient work examining the influence of artificial intelligence on crime itself. The paper attempts to present a general description of the phenomenon of crime transformation under the influence of artificial intelligence in the modern world by defining the main directions of this process. The main risks arising from the use of artificial intelligence by criminals are primarily related to the scaling and automation of crime, as well as the declining level of technical skills required to commit crimes. The essence of the crime does not change when a criminal uses artificial intelligence, nor do new types of crimes appear, at least for now. The quantitative and qualitative characteristics of crime will soon, and perhaps even now, be determined by artificial intelligence. 

1. Aleksandrov A. G., Safronov A. A. Ispolzovanie seti Darknet pri podgotovke i sovershenii prestupleniy // Vestnik Sankt-Peterburgskogo universiteta MVD Rossii. — 2021. — № 1 (89). — S. 156–160.

2. Bakhteev D. V. Predposylki stanovleniya i etapy razvitiya tekhnologii iskusstvennogo intellekta // Genesis: istoricheskie issledovaniya. — 2019. — № 8. — S. 89–98.

3. Bodrov N. F., Lebedeva A. K. Ugrozy i vyzovy v epokhu generativnogo iskusstvennogo intellekta s uchetom kriminogennogo potentsiala dipfeykov // Sankt-Peterburgskiy mezhdunarodnyy kriminalisticheskiy forum: materialy mezhdunarodnoy nauchno-prakticheskoy konferentsii (Sankt-Peterburg, 10–11 iyunya 2024 g.). — SPb.: Sankt-Peterburgskiy universitet MVD Rossii, 2024. — S. 62–65.

4. Veprev S. B., Nesterovich S. A. O nekotorykh kriminalnykh napravleniyakh v ispolzovanii iskusstvennogo intellekta // Vestnik nauki. — 2019. — № 6 (15). — S. 377–383.

5. Kudryavtsev V. N. Prestupnost i nravy perekhodnogo obshchestva: monografiya. — Repr. izd. — M.: Norma: Infra‑M, 2023. — 240 s.

6. Mazokha D. A., Efremov M. A. Istoriya razvitiya iskusstvennogo intellekta v SSSR v oblasti informatsionnoy bezopasnosti // Sovremennye informatsionnye tekhnologii i informatsionnaya bezopasnost: sbornik nauchnykh statey 3‑y Vserossiyskoy nauchno-tekhnicheskoy konferentsii. — Kursk: Universitetskaya kniga, 2024. — S. 90–94.

7. Ovchinskiy V. S. Kriminologiya tsifrovogo mira: uchebnik dlya magistratury. — M.: Norma: Infra‑M, 2024. — 352 s.

8. Protasevich A. A., Skryabikova Yu. B. O neobkhodimosti formirovaniya edinoy definitsii «darknet» v kriminalistike // Sibirskie ugolovno-protsessualnye i kriminalisticheskie chteniya. — 2021. — № 4 (34). — S. 77–86.

9. King T. C., Aggarwal N., Taddeo M., Floridi L. Artificial Intelligence Crime: An Interdisciplinary Analysis of Foreseeable Threats and Solutions // Science and engineering ethics. — 2020. — No. 26 (1). — P. 89–120.

10. Turing A. M. Computing machinery and intelligence // Mind. New Series. — 1950. — Vol. 59. — No. 236. — P. 433–460.