Bioconstitutionalism as a Manifestation of Adaptive Constitutionalism: The Transformation of Constitutional Values under conditions of Biotechnological Challenges

In the context of the rapid development of biotechnologies capable of radically transforming the biological and cognitive foundations of human existence, there is an urgent need to develop a new constitutional law paradigm capable of safeguarding the anthropological core of the legal order. The study substantiates the concept of bioconstitutionalism as a specialized form of adaptive constitutionalism aimed at preserving biological integrity, cognitive autonomy, and human dignity in an era when human nature itself has become an object of technological design. The paper demonstrates that traditional constitutional values require ontological reconsideration and an expansion of their substantive scope in response to the challenges posed by gene editing, neurotechnologies, reproductive innovations, and the commercialization of genetic data. Particular attention is paid to germline genome editing, the consequences of which are irreversible and heritable and affect the rights of future generations. In this context, the human genome is conceptualized as a bearer of a person's constitutional identity, while any unauthorized intervention is regarded as an infringement of human dignity. The author introduces the concept of cognitive integrity, defined as the right to protect one's mental processes from external reading, recording, or modification through neural interfaces. Such protection is becoming a necessary condition for the exercise of freedom of conscience, freedom of expression, and freedom of will. The article emphasizes that bioconstitutionalism is not a prohibitive mechanism intended to restrict scientific progress; rather, it establishes constitutional limits on biotechnological interventions on the basis of the principles of intergenerational justice, the prohibition of dehumanization, and the primacy of bioethical norms.

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