Modern Understanding of the Subject of Constitutional Law in the Conditions of Binary Development of National and International Law

The article contains an analysis of the doctrine, a comparative assessment of the constitutional and international law regulation, the practice of international and national courts. The understanding of the subject matter of constitutional law as a two-level system of general and specific social relations has been established and developed in the light of globalization and diversification of modern law. On the one hand, the influence of general constitutional and legal relations has increased in the context of expanding a regulatory role of the principles of law. On the other hand, there are additional types of specific relations arising due to the constitutionalization of new areas of legal regulation. The article provides for the classification of generally recognized principles and norms of international law in their Constitutions. One group defines generally recognized principles and rules of international law as part of the national legal system (e.g. Austria, Greece, Portugal). Another group also establishes the scope of their legal force (Belarus, Germany, Georgia, Russia, etc.). The third group determines only the scope of the norms of the International Treaty and the law (Armenia, Bulgaria, Poland, Kazakhstan, etc.). A dynamically developing trend represents simultaneous involvement of international and national courts in the interpretation of constitutional and legal matters. Binary interaction of national and international law is expressed in both the practice of mutual recognition of legal standings of different courts and rendering adverse decisions. Common approaches and differences are demonstrated, in particular, by comparing the practice of the EU Court of Justice and the courts of European States, the ECHR and the courts of the Russian Federation. The concept of global constitutionalism causes internationalization of constitutional law. It is noted that all proponents of global constitutionalism offering to recognize the idea of international constitutional law and International Constitution thereby bring the discussion concerning constitutional law and its subject matter to a higher level.

Subject matter, constitutional law, international law, globalization of law, diversification of law, Constitution, national courts, international courts, binary development of branches of law, constitutionalization of private law, global constitutionalism

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