Legal Nature of the Consequences of the Invalidity of the Debtor’s Transactions in Bankruptcy

There is a widespread position that Article 61.6 of the Federal Law of October 26, 2002 No. 127-FZ «On Insolvency (Bankruptcy)» is restitution. At the same time, the characteristic features of civil restitution and the consequences of the invalidity of the debtor’s transactions differ. Since no one has previously provided sufficient theoretical justification for arguing this position, the author attempts to determine the legal nature of the consequences of the invalidity of the disputed transaction of the debtor in bankruptcy. The author analyzes the provisions of the named article (as well as the practice of its application) to see if there is some correlation with bilateral and unilateral civil law restitution, measures of a confiscatory and over compensatory nature, and civil law tort. Based on the results of the comparison, the author concludes that the consequences of the invalidity of the debtor’s transaction can only be considered as a special type of legal liability of the debtor’s counterparty in the area of insolvency. A different interpretation of this norm requires serious changes in the legislation on insolvency (bankruptcy).

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