Credit Organizations as Subjects of Financial Law

The paper examines the correlation between public and private legal elements of the financial legal personality of credit institutions in various fields of financial activity. The author analyzes the legal status of an authorized bank in foreign exchange, tax, credit and other legal relations, and highlights the substantive difference between the categories of «authorized bank» and «agent bank» from the point of view of delegating public and private powers to them in financial law. The author makes a proposal to replace the selection of agent banks and authorized banks for various areas of financial activity with an accreditation procedure conducted by the Bank of Russia jointly with the authority exercising its power in the relevant field. Credit organizations in financial law, by the nature of the prevailing interest, should be divided into two groups: public credit organizations and private credit organizations. Ensuring the stability, smooth functioning, monitoring and risk management of significant entities of the banking system, the legislator and the Central Bank of the Russian Federation form and change their legal status, giving them public responsibilities.

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