Specific Features of Determining the Subject Matter of Proof in Cases Concerning the Recognition and Enforcement of Foreign Judgments

The author emphasizes that, unlike ordinary cases, in which a statement of claim must be examined and the dispute resolved on the merits, in proceedings concerning the issuance of exequatur, the subject of judicial review consists of procedural legal facts. The need to establish such facts is confirmed by an analysis of statutory provisions defining the grounds for refusing recognition and enforcement of foreign judgments, as well as by scholarly views. At the same time, the paper demonstrates the specific features of establishing circumstances indicating that a foreign judgment is contrary to the public policy of the Russian Federation. By drawing on theoretical approaches to the concept of public policy and by analyzing the practice of commercial courts, the author establishes that, in order to determine whether a foreign judgment complies with public policy, the court must also ascertain facts of a substantive legal nature. These include facts concerning the parties to and the subject matter of the dispute resolved by the foreign court, as well as the grounds on which the debtor’s obligation to the creditor arose.

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