Contrasting the Ruling and Opposition Parties in the Lower Chambers in the Regulations of the Russian and French Parliaments

The author compares the opportunities given to the fractions and groups of parties by Regulations of the State Duma of the Russian Federation and the National Assembly of France for guaranteeing the opposition to the majority and limitations set for this purpose. It is noted that in addition to achieving this goal, the authors of the regulations seek to achieve the fullest expression of all existing positions, and these objectives may require different measures. A certain similarity of regulations shows that both States belong to a multi-party system. At the same time, the comparative analysis of the texts of the regulations and practical data on their implementation make it possible to conclude that French regulations provide more guarantees to the opposition in the regulation of the activities of Parliament than the Russian one. When regulating the formation of parliamentary groups, on the contrary, the emphasis is placed on ensuring the expression of all available positions. This difference is due primarily to the historical features of parliamentarism in the countries under consideration, as well as the chosen approach to legal regulation. In addition, it is logical to assume that without setting a requirement, the author of the rules simply assumes that the desired position is reached without it.

party system, parliamentary opposition, fractions, party groups, minority opposition groups, parliamentary control, French National Assembly, State Duma, parliamentary control

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