Two Bodies of Corporation": Legal Capacity of a Legal Entity and Certain Problems of Corporate Responsibility

The issues of civil liability are among the oldest and, at the same time, the most complex problems of the civilistic theory. The main approaches to understanding liability were formed in the Soviet period when the law-maker ultimately refused to recognize traditional institutions of private law (and first of all, corporate law). Today, in the context of corporate law revival in the system of Russian legislation, the issue arises concerning the need to revise and modernize approaches to understanding liability. In this regard, the article provides for the author's view on civil liability that takes into account the peculiarities of corporate relations themselves as well as fault as one of the most important grounds for imposing civil liability. Well-founded conclusions are based on the provisions of domestic and foreign doctrines, and they are consistent with the established jurisprudence. Although the author assumes that liability in corporate relations is sui generis in nature, i.e. involves a combination of private and public law principles, he denies the possibility of recognizing corporate law as a "complex" branch of law due to the prevailing importance of civil law principles. In conclusion, the author gives his own understanding of the two bodies of the corporation concept and explains the importance of this concept for imposing civil liability.

Corporation, corporate relations, legal personality of a legal entity, subjective rights, exercise of rights, liability, fault in civil law, ways of protection of rights, property law, obligation law

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